Gemstone Buying Guide - The National Association of Jewellers

: These include Diamond , Ruby , Sapphire , and Emerald .

: Designed to maximize the stone’s brilliance and showcase its unique color. Carat : The measurement of the stone's weight. Popular Gemstones & Meanings

Many people choose gemstones based on their symbolic meanings or personal connections. Primary Color Symbolic Meaning Peace, clarity, and serenity Aquamarine Tranquility, harmony, and emotional balance Citrine Yellow/Orange Success, positivity, and abundance Emerald Rejuvenation, abundance, and natural beauty Ruby Passion, strength, and health Sapphire Wisdom, foresight, and enlightenment Quick Reference: Birthstones

: A broad category for all other stones, including Amethyst , Topaz , and Opal . Organic Gems : Non-minerals like Amber , Pearl , and Jet . The "4 Cs" of Gemstone Value

: The presence of internal "inclusions" or surface blemishes. In colored gems, some inclusions are expected and can even help identify the stone.

Gemstones are mineral crystals or organic materials prized for their beauty, durability, and rarity. Whether you are a collector, buyer, or hobbyist, understanding the different varieties and value factors is essential. Core Classifications Historically, gems were split into two main groups:

: Beginners can start by observing luster , transparency , and hardness .